{"id":9340,"date":"2022-09-02T09:20:13","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T01:20:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=9340"},"modified":"2022-09-16T11:55:09","modified_gmt":"2022-09-16T03:55:09","slug":"%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81nat%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=9340","title":{"rendered":"\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e38\u89c1NAT\u95ee\u9898\u5904\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u662f\u82f1\u6587Network Address Translation\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u5373\u201d\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u201c\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aIETF\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u5355\u4f4d\u673a\u6784\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u3002\u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u907f\u514d\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u5e76\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684NAT\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1b \u9759\u6001NAT\u548c\u52a8\u6001NAT\u3002\u9759\u6001NAT\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4NAT\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5165\u7ad9\u7c7b\u578b\u7684NAT\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u52a8\u6001 NAT \u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u51fa\u7ad9\u7c7b\u578b\u7684NAT \u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6bcf\u4e2aTCP\/IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684NAT\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u521b\u5efaNAT\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<\/h1>\n<p>1\u3001\u5168\u9525\u578bNAT\uff08Full cone NAT\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\uff08one-to-one\uff09NAT<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u65e6\u5185\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08iAddr:iPort\uff09\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08eAddr:ePort\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u81ea iAddr:iPort \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u7ecf\u7531 eAddr:ePort \u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4efb\u610f\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u80fd\u7ecf\u7531\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ed9 eAddr:ePort \u5230\u8fbe iAddr:iPort\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9431\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2.png 1920w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2-1024x461.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2-768x346.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2-1536x691.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Full_C2-500x225.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u578bNAT\uff08\uff08Address-\uff09Restricted cone NAT\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u65e6\u5185\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08iAddr:iPort\uff09\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08eAddr:ePort\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u81ea iAddr:iPort \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u7ecf\u7531 eAddr:ePort \u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ec5 iAddr:iPort \u66fe\u7ecf\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\uff08nAddr:any\uff09\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u624d\u80fd\u7ecf\u7531\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ed9 eAddr:ePort \u5230\u8fbe iAddr:iPort\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1aany \u6307\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u3002\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9430\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1-1024x461.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1-768x346.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1-1536x691.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Restricted_-1-500x225.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>3\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u578bNAT\uff08Port-Restricted cone NAT\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\uff08<b>Restricted cone NAT<\/b>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u65e6\u5185\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08iAddr:iPort\uff09\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08eAddr:ePort\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u81ea iAddr:iPort \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u7ecf\u7531 eAddr:ePort \u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u578bNAT\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9432\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con.png 1920w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con-1024x461.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con-768x346.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con-1536x691.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1920px-Port_Restricted_Con-500x225.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4\u3001\u5bf9\u79f0\u578bNAT\uff08Symmetric NAT\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u76f8\u540c\u5185\u90e8 IP \u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u5730 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u90fd\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5916\u90e8 IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u90e8 IP \u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u6709\u66fe\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u8fc7\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u56de\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Jietu20220901-145341.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9346\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Jietu20220901-145341.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"754\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Jietu20220901-145341.png 754w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Jietu20220901-145341-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Jietu20220901-145341-500x202.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u79f0\u578bNAT\u5e94\u7528\u9650\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5904\u7406NAT\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u4e2d\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u9525\u5f62NAT\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u9650\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">pfSense\u548cOPNsense\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u578bNAT\uff08Symmetric NAT\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u578bNAT\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528Xbox\u6216PS3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6302\u7f51\u5fc3\u4e91\u4e4b\u7c7b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u4f7f\u75281:1\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u653e\u5f00\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b\u6253\u5f00UPnP\uff1b\u91c7\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u7ad9\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\uff0c\u672a\u4f7f\u75281:1NAT\u524d\uff0c\u7f51\u5fc3\u4e91\u663e\u793a\u7684NAT\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u7aef\u53e3\u9650\u5236\u578b\uff0c\u4f7f\u75281:1\u540e\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7684NAT\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u7f51\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NAT\u662f\u82f1\u6587Network Address Translation\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u5373\u201d\u7f51 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=9340\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,28],"tags":[225],"class_list":["post-9340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opnsense","category-pfsense","tag-nat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9340\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}