{"id":895,"date":"2018-10-22T10:41:18","date_gmt":"2018-10-22T02:41:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=895"},"modified":"2022-09-16T12:00:03","modified_gmt":"2022-09-16T04:00:03","slug":"opnsense%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e6%89%8b%e5%86%8c-%e5%88%ab%e5%90%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=895","title":{"rendered":"OPNsense\u7528\u6237\u624b\u518c-\u522b\u540d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u522b\u540d\u662f\u547d\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u53d7\u652f\u6301\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u522b\u540d\u6765\u7528\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u522b\u540d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u538b\u7f29\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"alias-types\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>OPNsense\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"wy-table-responsive\">\n<table class=\"docutils\" border=\"1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"18%\" \/>\n<col width=\"82%\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<th class=\"head\">\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<th class=\"head\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>\u4e3b\u673a<\/td>\n<td>\u6309IP\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u683c\u7684\u57df\u540d\u9650\u5b9a\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n<td>\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5982\uff1a192.168.1.1\/24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>\u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n<td>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u598220:30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>\u7f51\u5740\u8868<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>GeoIP<\/td>\n<td>\u9009\u62e9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u533a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"hosts\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u4e3b\u673a<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u683c\u7684\u57df\u540d\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u683c\u7684\u57df\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u89e3\u6790\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a300\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<dl class=\"docutils\">\n<dt>\u4f8b\u5982<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<p class=\"first\">\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a<strong>www.youtube.com<\/strong>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u8868<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/aliases_host.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-9449\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/aliases_host.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"631\" height=\"283\" \/><\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u6539<\/strong>,\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684pf\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8f6c\u5230\u00a0<strong>Firewall-&gt;Diagnostics-&gt;pfTables(<\/strong><strong>\u9632\u706b\u5899 &#8211; &gt;\u8bca\u65ad &#8211; &gt; pfTables)<\/strong>\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6211\u4eec\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684youtube\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/pftable_youtube.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3205\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/pftable_youtube.png\" alt=\"..\/_images\/pftable_youtube.png\" width=\"761\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/pftable_youtube.png 761w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/pftable_youtube-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/pftable_youtube-500x260.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px\" \/><\/a>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u6709\u591a\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"networks\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u7f51\u7edc<\/h2>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u65e0\u7c7b\u522b\u57df\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u683c\u5f0f\uff08CIDR\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684CIDR\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ca \/ 32\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u4e2aIPv4\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u6216\/ 128\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u4e2aIPv6\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\/ 24\u6307\u5b9a255.255.255.0\uff0c\/ 64\u6307\u5b9a\u666e\u901aIPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ports\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u7aef\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u5c06\u7aef\u53e3\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u6dfb\u52a020\u523025\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<strong>\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\u90e8\u5206\u8f93\u516520:25\u00a0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"url-tables\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u7f51\u5740\u8868<\/h2>\n<p>URL\u8868\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6IP\u5730\u5740\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u514d\u8d39\u7684IP\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662fSpamhaus\u7684\u201cDo not Route or Peer\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spamhaus.org\/drop\/\">\u5217\u8868<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"geoip\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>GeoIP<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528GeoIP\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\/\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6574\u4e2a\u5927\u9646\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<strong>toggle all((\u5168\u90e8\u5207\u6362))<\/strong>\u590d\u9009\u6846\u9009\u62e9\u6307\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\/\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u4f7f\u752817.7.7\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7IPS\u8fdb\u884c\u7684GeoIP\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3207\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias.png\" alt=\"..\/_images\/firewall_geoip_alias.png\" width=\"1280\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias.png 1280w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias-1024x782.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias-768x587.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/firewall_geoip_alias-393x300.png 393w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"import-feature\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u5bfc\u5165\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u6dfb\u52a0\u522b\u540d\u5217\u8868\uff0cOPNsense\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bfc\u5165\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7c98\u8d34\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u793a\u4f8b\u662fIP\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u7b49\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8be5\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542bIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6216\u4e0d\u5177\u6709CIDR\u524d\u7f00\uff0cIP\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u7a7a\u884c\uff08\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code highlight-default notranslate\">\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"mf\">172.16<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">172.16<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.11<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">12.100<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">10.11<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">12.200<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">192.168<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.254<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Home<\/span> <span class=\"n\">router<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.20<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">16<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Office<\/span> <span class=\"n\">network<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.40<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.10<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">10.40<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.19<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Managed<\/span> <span class=\"n\">switches<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"using-aliases-in-pf-firewall-rules\" class=\"section\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u5728pf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u6765\u8f7b\u677e\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u578b\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0bIP\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5f53\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u522b\u540d\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u67093\u4e2a\u8fdc\u7a0bIP\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eeipsec\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7ad9\u70b9\u5230\u7ad9\u70b9\u96a7\u9053\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"simple\">\n<li>192.168.100.1<\/li>\n<li>192.168.200.2<\/li>\n<li>192.168.300.3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3210\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec.png\" alt=\"..\/_images\/alias_remote_ipsec.png\" width=\"1280\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec.png 1280w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_remote_ipsec-500x200.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u547d\u540d\u4e3aremote_ipsec\u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3214\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules.png\" alt=\"..\/_images\/alias_firewall_rules.png\" width=\"1019\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules.png 1019w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules-768x185.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/alias_firewall_rules-500x121.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1019px) 100vw, 1019px\" \/><\/a>\u6ce8\u610f\u5217\u8868\u56fe\u6807\u4ee5\u6807\u8bc6\u5e26\u522b\u540d\uff08\u5217\u8868\uff09\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"advanced\" class=\"section\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ad8\u7ea7<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"simple\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>critical_servers {10.0.1.1,10.0.1.2}<\/li>\n<li>other_servers {10.0.1.100,10.0.1.200}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"simple\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>servers {critical_servers\uff0cother_servers}\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u5217\u8868\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u522b\u540d\u662f\u547d\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u53d7\u652f\u6301\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u522b\u540d\u6765\u7528 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=895\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[189],"class_list":["post-895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opnsense","tag-189"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=895"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/895\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}