{"id":177,"date":"2018-07-29T08:42:51","date_gmt":"2018-07-29T00:42:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pfsense.freeddns.org\/wp\/?p=177"},"modified":"2020-08-24T22:13:15","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T14:13:15","slug":"pfsense-book%e4%b9%8bnat-%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=177","title":{"rendered":"pfSense book\u4e4bNAT \uff08\u4e8c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT(\u4e8c)<\/h1>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u51fa\u7ad9NAT<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2aNAT<\/li>\n<li>NAT\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/li>\n<li>IPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u8f6c\u6362\uff08NPt\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u51fa\u7ad9NAT<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6e90NAT\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236pfSense\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6362\u79bb\u5f00\u63a5\u53e3\u6d41\u91cf\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\uff0c\u8bf7\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899&gt; NAT\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9\u9009\u9879\u5361\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT:\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u5982LAN\uff09\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u5982WAN\uff09\u7684NAT\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u7ad9NAT:\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u3002 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cpfSense\u4f1a\u91cd\u5199\u9664UDP\u7aef\u53e3500\uff08VPN\u901a\u4fe1\u7684IKE\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u51fa\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u968f\u673a\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5f97\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u8bdd\u3002 \u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97IP\u5730\u5740\u6b3a\u9a97\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6307\u5b9a\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u91cd\u5199\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002 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\u6700\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u5229\u7528\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e24\u53f0\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5916\u90e8IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u540c\u4e00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u6f5c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528\u51fa\u7ad9NAT<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981NAT\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f20\u8f93\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u8bf7\u7981\u7528\u53ef\u8def\u7531\u5b50\u7f51\u7684NAT\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4f55\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981NAT\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u7981\u7528\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u975eNAT\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7981\u7528\u5339\u914d\u901a\u4fe1\u7684NAT<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\uff0c\u5220\u9664\uff08\u6216\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\uff09\u4efb\u4f55\u5339\u914d\u53ef\u8def\u7531\u5b50\u7f51\u7684NAT\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u751f\u6548\uff0cpfSense\u5c06\u5728\u4e0d\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8def\u7531\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u89c4\u5219\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u6d41\u91cf\u79bb\u5f00\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec5\u67e5\u8be2\u4e3a\u8be5\u7279\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u70b9\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1693\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-level-up.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/> \u4ece\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u9875\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u5230\u5217\u8868\u9876\u90e8\u3002 \u70b9\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1734\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-level-down.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u5728\u5e95\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u5728\u9876\u90e8\u653e\u7f6e\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5728\u5e95\u90e8\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u89c4\u5219\u7531\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u9876\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528:\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u51b3\u5b9aNAT\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528NAT: \u9009\u4e2d\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u79bb\u5f00\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e94\u7528NAT\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6d41\u91cf\u65e0\u9700\u5339\u914dNAT\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u662f\u6dfb\u52a0\u7279\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9632\u706b\u5899IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e94\u7528NAT\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728CARP\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7bNAT\u4f1a\u5728\u8f85\u52a9\u8282\u70b9\u5904\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\u65ad\u5f00Internet\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3: \u6b64\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u79bb\u5f00\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64NAT\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u662fWAN\u6216OPT WAN\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662fLAN\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u534f\u8bae: \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u5c06\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u5076\u5c14\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236NAT\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u6765\u81eaPBX\u7684UDP\u6d41\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3NAT\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90: \u6e90\u662f\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u79bb\u5f00\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5c06\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u3002 \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662fLAN\uff0cDMZ\u6216VPN\u5b50\u7f51\u3002 \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u51e0\u4e4e\u603b\u662f\u7559\u7a7a\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u201c\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u6765\u81ea\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u5173\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807: \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4fdd\u6301\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6765\u81ea\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u8f6c\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ec5\u6267\u884c\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3NAT\u5230SIP\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u201c\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8f6c\u6362: \u201c\u8f6c\u6362\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5b57\u6bb5\u63a7\u5236\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d8\u5316\u3002 \u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c WAN IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u5730\u5740\u4e0b\u62c9\u83dc\u5355\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u5b50\u7f51\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u522b\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u6216\u5355\u4e2a\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5730\u5740\u6c60\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u578bNAT\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002 \u5f53\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u6216\u5b50\u7f51\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u6c60\u9009\u9879\u201d\u4e0b\u62c9\u83dc\u5355\u63d0\u4f9b\u51e0\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002 \u53ea\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5b50\u7f51\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4:\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u6c60\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Round Robin:\u4f9d\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u8bbf\u95ee\u522b\u540d\u6216\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Round Robin with Sticky Address:\u4e0eRound Robin\u4e00\u6837\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4fdd\u7559\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Random:\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u5b50\u7f51\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Random with Sticky Address:\u53ea\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u54c8\u5e0c:\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a9\u7801:\u5e94\u7528\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u662f10.10.10.50\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u5b50\u7f51\u662f192.2.0.0\/24\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u628a\u5730\u5740\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a192.2.0.50\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e0e1\uff1a1 NAT\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7aef\u53e3: \u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u603b\u662f\u7559\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9009\u62e9\u968f\u673a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3: \u5728\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6ca1\u6709NAT-T\u7684IPsec\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982SIP\u548cRTP\u3002 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\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u5206\u7ec4\u5185\u5d4c\u5165IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\/\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982SIP\u548cFTP\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\uff08SIP\u6765\u81eaPBX\uff0cIPsec\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">FTP<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0cFTP\u4f1a\u7ed9NAT\u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e26\u6765\u95ee\u9898\u3002 FTP\u6700\u521d\u662f\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5b9a\u4e49\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u57281985\u5e74\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8eFTP\u662f\u5728NAT\u4e4b\u524d\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548cNAT\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">pfSense\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5305\u542bFTP\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7406\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">FTP\u9650\u5236<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7531\u4e8epf\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406FTP\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14FTP\u4ee3\u7406\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5FTP\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u540e\u9762\u7684FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8eNAT\u540e\u9762\u7684FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7aef\u53e3\u624b\u52a8\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u6216\u8005\u57281\uff1a1 NAT\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 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justify;\">\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0fFTP\uff0c\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fa6\u542c\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u544a\u8bc9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u7136\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u56de\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4ee5\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u8fd9\u5bf9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5141\u8bb8\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8eNAT\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5c06\u662f\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 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justify;\">pfSense\u4e2d\u5bf9PPTP\u7684\u9650\u5236\u662f\u7531pf\u5bf9GRE\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884cNAT\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6240\u9650\u5236\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55GRE\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46PPTP\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684GRE\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7528\u4e8eGRE\u534f\u8bae\u7684pf\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6bcf\u4e2a\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002 \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5982\u679cPPTP ***\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u5185\u90e8\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Internet\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u540cPPTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 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justify;\">\u7531\u4e8ePPTP\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6781\u5dee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u6298\u8877\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u5feb\u505c\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u7ebf\u6e38\u620f<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9664\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9NAT\u53cb\u597d\u3002 \u672c\u8282\u6d89\u53ca\u5177\u6709\u5728\u7ebf\u529f\u80fd\u7684PC\u6e38\u620f\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u6e38\u620f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u672c\u8282\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u4f17\u591apfSense\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002 \u8bbf\u95eepfSense\u8bba\u575b\u4e0a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u677f\u5757\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9664\u975e\u5728\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u4e0a\u542f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u67d0\u4e9b\u6e38\u620f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6e38\u620f\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u542f\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e00\u53f0NAT\u8bbe\u5907\u540e\u9762\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u6216\u8bbe\u5907<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u4e9b\u6e38\u620f\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2aNAT\u8bbe\u5907\u540e\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8eNAT\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fpfSense\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u9047\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u641c\u7d22pfSense\u8bba\u575b\u4e0a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u677f\u5757\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u6e38\u620f\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u514b\u670dUPnP\u7684NAT\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u901a\u7528\u5373\u63d2\u5373\u7528\uff08UPnP\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4efb\u4f55\u6240\u9700\u7684NAT\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u5728pfSense\u4e0a\u542f\u7528UPnP\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6e38\u620f\u5728\u5f88\u5c11\u5e72\u9884\u6216\u4e0d\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u6709\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528UPnP\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u6f5c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605UPnP\u548cNAT-PMP\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">IPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u8f6c\u6362\uff08NPt\uff09<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u8f6c\u6362\uff08Network Prefix Translation\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0NPT\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e1\uff1a1 NAT\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728IPv6\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 NPt\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899&gt; NAT\uff0cNPt\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NPt\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u7f00\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u7f00\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c2001:db8:1111:2222::\/64\u53d8\u4e3a2001:db8:3333:4444::\/64\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u524d\u7f00\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b50\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NPt\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8d28\u7591\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u9014\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528NPt\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4e13\u7528\u201dIPv6\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08fc00::\/7\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7NPt\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u8def\u7531IPv6\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7WAN\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u9014\u662f\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u3002 \u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u662f\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u53f7\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u5bfb\u627e\u65e7\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u907f\u514d\u5728***\u96a7\u9053\u7684fc00::\/7\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NPT\u5bf9\u4e8eSOHO IPv6\u591aWAN\u90e8\u7f72\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002 \u5bb6\u5ead\u6216\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684IPv6\u7a7a\u95f4\u548cBGP\u6e90\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2aWAN\u7684\u8def\u7531\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eIPv4\u4e0a\u7684\u591aWAN\u3002 \u5f53\u6d41\u91cf\u79bb\u5f00\u4ece\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5b50\u7f51\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2aWAN\u65f6\uff0cNPt\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8be5WAN\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u7b49\u6548IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4ed6WAN\u4e0a\u6267\u884cNPt\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528fc00::\/7\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6240\u6709WAN\u4e0a\u6267\u884cNPt\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528fc00::\/7\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6dfb\u52a0NPt\u6761\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eNPt\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5f88\u5c11\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528: \u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3: \u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u6b64NPt\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6548\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5185\u90e8IPv6\u524d\u7f00:\u672c\u5730\uff08\u4f8b\u5982LAN\uff09IPv6\u5b50\u7f51\u548c\u524d\u7f00\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662fLAN\u4e0a\u7684\/ 64\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807IPv6\u524d\u7f00:\u5185\u90e8IPv6\u524d\u7f00\u5c06\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u5230\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5916\u90e8IPv6\u5b50\u7f51\u548c\u524d\u7f00\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662fWAN\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u3002\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u8def\u7531\u5230\u6b64\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63cf\u8ff0: \u7b80\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e0b\u56feNPt\u793a\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u4e86NPt\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f53LAN IPv6\u5b50\u7f512001:db8:1111:2222::\/64\u79bb\u5f00HENETV6DSL\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a2001:db8:3333:4444::\/64\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1804\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-npt-example.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"721\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-npt-example.png 721w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-npt-example-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-npt-example-413x300.png 413w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"caption-text\"><em>NPt \u793a\u4f8b<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u6392\u67e5\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u68d8\u624b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u73af\u8282\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fpfSense\u3002\u7528\u6237\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5efa\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u6761\u76ee\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 \u518d\u6b21\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u7aef\u53e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002 \u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u5982\u679cNAT IP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u5df2\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u9009\u62e9\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5e38\u89c1\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 :<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\uff0c\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6b63\u786e\u7684NAT IP\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbf\u95eeIP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff1a\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u6b63\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7f3a\u5c11\u6216\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u68c0\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5305\u542b\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\uff0cpfSense\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6b63\u786e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">pfSense\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u5173<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7fpfSense\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8f6c\u53d1\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0cpfSense\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528pfSense\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7f51\u5173<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u7f51\u5173\u8f83\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u62e5\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6df7\u5408\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u5e76\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u6216\u9762\u5411\u672c\u5730\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u6765\u81ea\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6e90\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4f4d\u4e8e10.3.0.6\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u8bf7\u5207\u6362\u5230\u201c\u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u201d\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u201c\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u4ee5\u4f7fLAN\u8bbe\u5907\u867d\u7136\u7f3a\u5931\u7f51\u5173\u4f46\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u3002 \u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u672c\u5730\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6b63\u786e\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1805\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice.png 1140w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice-1024x557.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice-768x418.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/nat-outbound_example_localdevice-500x272.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u7f3a\u5c11\u7f51\u5173\u7684LAN\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u624b\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u672a\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u4fa6\u542c<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fdpfSense\u6b63\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u62d2\u7edd\u3002 \u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u4fa6\u542c\u65f6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u4fa6\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u76d1\u542cSSH\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u662f\u4e3a23\u7aef\u53e3\u800c\u4e0d\u662f22\u7aef\u53e3\u8f93\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62d2\u7edd\u3002 \u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528netcat\u6216telnet\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u5dee\u5f02\u3002 \u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u62d2\u7edd\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6307\u793a\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u4e3b\u52a8\u62d2\u7edd\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u8bca\u65ad&gt;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7aef\u53e3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u6d4b\u8bd5TCP\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">ISP\u963b\u6b62\u7aef\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e00\u4e9bISP\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u6d41\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5230\u672a\u77e5\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u68c0\u67e5ISP\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6761\u6b3e\uff08ToS\uff09\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u00a0\u5bb6\u5ead\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u6bd4\u5546\u4e1a\u8fde\u63a5\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u3002 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