{"id":173,"date":"2018-07-29T08:41:45","date_gmt":"2018-07-29T00:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pfsense.freeddns.org\/wp\/?p=173"},"modified":"2020-08-24T22:13:38","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T14:13:38","slug":"pfsense-book%e4%b9%8b%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=173","title":{"rendered":"pfSense book\u4e4b\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08\u4e8c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899&gt;\u89c4\u5219\u7b56\u7565\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5339\u914d\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u672c\u8282\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3apfsense book\u662f\u4ee5pfsense2.31\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728pfsense2.41\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u52a8\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5426<em>\u901a\u8fc7<\/em>\u3001<em>\u963b\u6b62<\/em>\u6216<em>\u62d2\u7edd<\/em>\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u901a\u8fc7:<\/strong>\u00a0\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5141\u8bb8\u76f8\u5173\u8fd4\u56de\u6d41\u91cf\u56de\u4f20\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u963b\u6b62:<\/strong>\u00a0\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u62d2\u7edd:<\/strong>\u00a0\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u5c06\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u59cb\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u7981\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u800c\u4e0d\u5c06\u5176\u4ece\u89c4\u5219\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u8bf7\u9009\u4e2d\u6b64\u6846\u3002 \u5b83\u4ecd\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u7070\u8272\u4ee5\u63d0\u793a\u5176\u7981\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u201d\u4e0b\u62c9\u83dc\u5355\u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u6536\u7531\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u7ec4\u9009\u9879\u5361\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u4ec5\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u88ab\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002 \u4ece\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6307\u5411Internet\u6216\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u63a5\u53e3\u7531LAN\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">TCP\/IP\u00a0\u7248\u672c<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eIPv4\uff0cIPv6\u6216\u540c\u65f6\u5e94\u7528IPv4 + IPv6\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u53ea\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u786e\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cdIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u4ec5\u5339\u914d\u6765\u81ea\u6b63\u786e\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u534f\u8bae<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u81ea\u660e\u7684\u3002 TCP \/ UDP\u5c06\u540c\u65f6\u5339\u914dTCP\u548cUDP\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u6307\u5b9aICMP\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e0b\u62c9\u6846\u6765\u9009\u62e9ICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u7684TCP\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9884\u671f\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002 \u8981\u4f7f\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a<em>any<\/em>\u3002 \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u610f\u5916\u521b\u5efaTCP\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u5176\u4ed6\u975eTCP\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5982ping\uff0cDNS\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">ICMP\u00a0\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9009\u62e9ICMP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u4e0b\u62c9\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684ICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7ICMP\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u53ea\u5728\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u8fc7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u662f\u53ea\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u79cd\u56de\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8ICMP ping\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cICMP\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u5141\u8bb8ICMP\u65f6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4efb\u4f55ICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u5730\u5740<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5b9a\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u6216\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4e0b\u62c9\u6846\u5141\u8bb8\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Any<\/strong>:\u00a0\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u522b\u540d<\/strong>:\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u522b\u540d\u3002 \u5f53\u5b83\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u201c\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u952e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>:\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u6765\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>PPPoE\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong>:\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u542f\u7528\u4e86PPPoE\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u5339\u914d\u6765\u81eaPPPoE\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>L2TP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong>:\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u542f\u7528\u4e86L2TP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u6765\u81eaL2TP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u63a5\u53e3\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>:\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u6709\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u6e90\u7c7b\u578b\u51c6\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5b50\u7f51\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55IP\u522b\u540dVIP\u5b50\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740<\/strong>:\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u6709\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e90\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u5728\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8b66\u544a<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7684WAN Net\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u8868\u793aWAN\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u3002 \u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u201d\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5339\u914dTCP\u548c\u6216UDP\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u70b9\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1700\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-cog.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0<strong>\u663e\u793a\u9ad8\u7ea7<\/strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u201c<strong>\u663e\u793a\u9ad8\u7ea7<\/strong>\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u548cUDP\u8fde\u63a5\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u968f\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u57281024\u523065535\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u786e\u5207\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\uff09\u3002 \u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u77e5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u5178\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u5c06\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ece1024\u523065535\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e5f\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9009\u62e9<strong>\u53cd\u8f6c\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9664\u6e90\u503c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u901a\u4fe1\u90fd\u5c06\u89e6\u53d1\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5b9a\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u6216\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9aTCP\u548c\u6216UDP\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u8fd8\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u522b\u540d\u3002 \u4e0e\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7aef\u53e3\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u8bae\u9884\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u4e0b\u62c9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\uff09\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u503c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u7eed\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u201c<strong>\u4ece<\/strong>\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u8f93\u5165\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u201c<strong>\u5230<\/strong>\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u8f93\u5165\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u6846\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u6700\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u63cf\u8ff0\u89c4\u5219\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002 \u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u662f52\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u7ecf\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9700\u8981\u6216\u8005\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002 \u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1700\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-cog.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u663e\u793a<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u6765\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">pf\u548cpfSense\u66f4\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8eTCP\u89c4\u5219\uff0cpf\u542f\u7528\u88ab\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u7eb9\uff08\u201cp0f\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u89c4\u5219\u6839\u636e\u542f\u52a8TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002 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justify;\">\u533a\u5206\u670d\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5185\u90e8\u6307\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u6cbf\u7740\u8def\u5f84\u8f6c\u53d1\u65f6\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5176\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u6216\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5197\u957f\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u901a\u5e38\u7f29\u5199\u4e3aDiffserv Code Point\u6216\u7b80\u5199\u4e3aDSCP\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aTOS\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Asterisk\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684tos_sip\u548ctos_audioconfiguration\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684DSCP\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e34\u65f6\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6765\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6392\u961f\u6216\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u59cb\u53d1\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u201c\u533a\u5206\u670d\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u201d\u4e0b\u62c9\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u901a\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u8bf7\u67e5\u9605\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6587\u6863\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">DSCP\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5b83\u5047\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u652f\u6301\u6216\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u65e0\u610f\u6216\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u540c\u7684DSCP\u503c\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684DSCP\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cpf\u5339\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6eDSCP\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u540e\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" 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justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c06\u5e94\u7b54\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230WAN\u7c7b\u578b\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8fdb\u5165WAN\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aWAN\u79bb\u5f00\u3002 \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7WAN\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u9632\u706b\u5899\/\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u65f6\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bf7\u9009\u4e2d\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u4ec5\u5bf9\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7981\u7528\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u7981\u7528\u5e94\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tag and Tagged<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tag\u548cTagged\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6807\u8bb0\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6700\u5927\u72b6\u6001\u6761\u76ee<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u9650\u5236\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\uff08\u603b\u6570\uff09\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u66f4\u591a\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26\u5408\u8fde\u63a5\u9650\u5236\u65f6\u7684\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5219\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u89e6\u53d1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6b64\u8fde\u63a5\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u53ef\u4e3a\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u603b\u6570\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u8be5\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 \u8be5\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u598210\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u8fde\u63a5\u603b\u6570\u3002 \u8be5\u9009\u9879\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff08\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u63e1\u624b\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002 \u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8eTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u6700\u5927\u72b6\u6001\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\/\u6bcf\u79d2<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u901f\u7387\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u4f20\u5165\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u8fc7\u8f7d\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002 \u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u592a\u591a\u5feb\u901f\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002 \u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u7684\u4efb\u4f55IP\u5730\u5740\u5c06\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u963b\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002 \u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8eTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\u3002 \u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u95f2\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u3002 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u63a7\u5236\u5165\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002 \u5339\u914d\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u4ecd\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\u3002 \u8981\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">TCP\u00a0\u6807\u8bc6<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cTCP\u7684\u65b0\u4f20\u9012\u89c4\u5219\u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684TCP SYN\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u80fd\u7684SYN\u548cACK\u96c6\u5408\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u89e3\u51b3\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u7ec4\u63a7\u4ef6\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u6807\u8bc6\u4e0e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u6807\u8bc6\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c06\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f:<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"8\">SYN:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002 \u6307\u793a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"50\">ACK:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u6307\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u8ba9\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u636e\u6536\u5230OK\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"8\">FIN:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"8\">RST:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u54cd\u5e94\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u76d1\u542c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u826f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"8\">PSH:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u6307\u793a\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u63a8\u9001\u6216\u5237\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"8\">URG:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"637\">\u8868\u793a\u7d27\u6025\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4e0d\u7d27\u6025\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u6807\u5fd7\u7684TCP\uff0c\u8bf7\u9009\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u72b6\u6001\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728pfSense\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"100\">Keep:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"567\">\n<p class=\"first\">\u9009\u62e9\u540e\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"104\">Sloppy State:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"567\">\n<p class=\"first\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u592a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002 \u5f53\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7f3a\u7701\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u3002 \u9632\u6b62\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b***\u7684pf\u673a\u5236\u5728\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e0d\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"108\">Synproxy:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"567\">\n<p class=\"first\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4pfSense\u4ee3\u7406\u4f20\u5165\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5f00\u59cb\u3002 TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6e90\u7684SYN\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5f15\u53d1SYN ACK\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u6e90\u8fd4\u56deACK\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u662fsynproxy\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u8ba9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63e1\u624b\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1***\uff0cSYN\u6cdb\u6ee5\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eWAN\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u79cd***\u7c7b\u578b\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd***\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e0\u6cd5\u77e5\u9053\u540e\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u652f\u6301\u54ea\u4e9bTCP\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f7f\u7528synproxy\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5ba3\u544a\u4e0d\u652f\u6301TCP\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f7f\u7528synproxy\u72b6\u6001\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7a97\u53e3\u7f29\u653e\uff0cSACK\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u663e\u7740\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3002\u5c06TCP\u7aef\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"111\">None:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"563\">\n<p class=\"first\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u624d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u7f55\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\">\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201cNone\u201d\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u5165\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u5bf9\uff0c\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65XML-RPC<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9009\u4e2d\u6b64\u6846\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u901a\u8fc7XMLRPC\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u96c6\u7fa4\u6210\u5458\u3002 \u8fd9\u5305\u542b\u5728\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4e2d\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u8f85\u52a9\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">VLAN\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff08\u5339\u914d\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">802.1p\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aIEEE P802.1p\u6216\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5339\u914d\u548c\u6807\u8bb0\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u4e0eDSCP\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c802.1p\u5728\u7b2c2\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528VLAN\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0eDSCP\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0a\u6e38\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u652f\u6301802.1p\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u672c\u8282\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a802.1p\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a802.1p\u6807\u7b7e\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u3002 \u67d0\u4e9bISP\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5982\u6cd5\u56fd\uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e802.1p\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u9694\u79bbVLAN\u4e0a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\/\u89c6\u9891\/\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">802.1p\u67098\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5728GUI\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5b57\u6bcd\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u4ece\u6700\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">BK:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Background<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">BE:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Best Effort<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">EE:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Excellent Effort<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">CA:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Critical Applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">VI:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Video<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">VO:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Voice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">IC:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Internetwork Control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">NC:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">Network Control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6548\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 \u9009\u62e9\u201cNone\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u59cb\u7ec8\u542f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u4ee5\u4f9b\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c \u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fdb\/\u51fa\u7ba1\u9053\uff08\u9650\u5236\u5668\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u5217\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u5668\u5bf9\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\uff08In\uff09\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u5e26\u5bbd\u9650\u5236\u5e76\u79bb\u5f00\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\uff08Out\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ack\u961f\u5217\/\u961f\u5217<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c06\u54ea\u4e2aALTQ\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u5668\u961f\u5217\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u9000\u51fa\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u7ec4\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u3002 \u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5165\u7ad9\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f7f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5e76\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u5668\u624d\u5177\u6709\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u66f4\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u6216\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u610f\u5916\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5165\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5b58\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u7ec4\u8fd9\u91cc\uff1a\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u9000\u51faWAN \uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u7684WAN\u4e2d\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9274\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u5bf9\u964c\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5bfb\u627e\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6839\u636e\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cWAN\u4e0a\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6e90\uff08NAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662fALTQ\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u3002\u6d6e\u52a8\u9009\u9879\u5361\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u548c\u6392\u961f\u6d41\u91cf\u800c\u4e0d\u663e\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u4ece\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u8eab\u6d41\u51fa\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5230\u8fbe\u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u5f84\u9000\u51fa\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5176\u4ed6\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u963b\u6b62\u9664\u4e86\u7ecf\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\u5411\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u610f\u5916\u5730\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u79bb\u5f00WAN\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62***\u6d41\u91cf\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4e3a\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u5236\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u6216\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u201cno state\u201d\u00a0\u89c4\u5219\u548c \u201csloppy state\u201d\u00a0\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5165\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5728NAT\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5219WAN\u4e0a\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u672c\u5730\/\u4e13\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u6e90\u3002 \u5230\u8fbe\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u73b0\u5728\u662fWAN\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5339\u914d\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u51fa\u53e3\u5904\u5339\u914d\u8be5\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e88\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5339\u914d\u52a8\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5339\u914d\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u3002 \u5177\u6709\u5339\u914d\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u6216\u963b\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u961f\u5217\u6216\u9650\u5236\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u3002 \u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u542f\u7528<strong>\u5feb\u901f<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u65e0\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5feb\u901f<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5feb\u901f\u63a7\u5236\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5426\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u5feb\u901f<\/strong>\u884c\u4e3a\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u9009\u9879\u5361\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002 \u5b83\u628a\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u573a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u80dc\u5229\u201d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9006\u8f6c\u4e3a\u201c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u573a\u80dc\u5229\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u9009\u62e9\u3002 \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u79bb\u5f00\u5feb\u901f\u53d6\u6d88\u9009\u4e2d\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u9009\u6846\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6216\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u6309\u4f4fCtrl\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5355\u51fb\u63a5\u53e3\u4ee5\u9010\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5355\u51fb\/\u62d6\u52a8\u6216\u6309\u4f4fShift\u952e\u5355\u51fb\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65b9\u5411<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5165\u53e3\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5982\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u3002 \u65b9\u5411\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u51fa<\/strong>\u65b9\u5411\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6765\u81ea\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9000\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5408\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u201csloppy state\u201d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u201cno state\u201d\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u5907\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u8d85\u65f6\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6807\u8bb0\u548c\u5339\u914d<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u201c<strong>Tag<\/strong>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<strong>Tagged<\/strong>\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u9009\u9879\u5361\u89c4\u5219\u6807\u8bb0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6d6e\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u7684WAN\u51fa\u7ad9\u901a\u4fe1\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eNAT\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002 \u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\u7528\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u6574\u5f62\u51fa\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728LAN\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<strong>Tag<\/strong>\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u77ed\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u6765\u81ea10.3.0.56\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 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justify;\">\u76f4\u63a5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u914d\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u516c\u5171IP\u5b50\u7f51\u548c\u6865\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9009\u62e9\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6865\u63a5\u548cNAT<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u989d\u5916\u7684\u516c\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\u6216\u4f7f\u7528NAT\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u53ef\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8eISP\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u9644\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u56e0\u5206\u914d\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u5f02\u3002 \u8fd9\u91cc\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6bcf\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: 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src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-multiple-public-ips-singleblock.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"465\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-multiple-public-ips-singleblock.png 465w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-multiple-public-ips-singleblock-300x235.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-multiple-public-ips-singleblock-383x300.png 383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"caption-text\">\u591a\u4e2a\u516c\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e2aIP\u5b50\u7f51<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927LAN IP\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5c0f\u578bWAN IP\u5b50\u7f51<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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VIP\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7279\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bMAC\u5730\u5740\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684VHID\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u90e8\u7f72\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a\uff1aCARP VIP\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002 \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728pfSense\u90e8\u7f72\u6700\u7ec8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aHA\u7fa4\u96c6\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u8981\u6c42\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00IP\u5730\u5740\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800cCARP VIP\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u5176\u4ed6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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list-paddingleft-2\">\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u6708\u4efd\u548c\u65e5\u671f\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u51fb\u6bcf\u5468\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u661f\u671f\u51e0\u6807\u9898\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6708\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u9009\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u5185\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5929\u8fc7\u5348\u591c\u3002\u00a0\u4e00\u6574\u5929\u662f0\u70b9\u523023\u70b959\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u6b64\u7279\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u8f93\u5165\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0Work\u00a0Week<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u5c06\u9009\u9879\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3a\u8303\u56f4<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u590d\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4,\u00a0 \u00a0\u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u6dfb\u52a0\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65f6\u95f4\u5b89\u6392\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4f8b\u59822016\u5e749\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u6216\u5468\u4e00\u81f3\u5468\u4e09\u7684\u67d0\u51e0\u5929\u3002 \u8981\u9009\u62e9\u4e0b\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ece\u4e0b\u62c9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u65e5\u5386\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u6216\u65e5\u671f\u7f16\u53f7\u3002 \u8981\u9009\u62e9\u661f\u671f\u51e0\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u5217\u6807\u9898\u4e2d\u5355\u51fb\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u661f\u671f\u4e00\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u4e8c\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u4e09\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u56db\u548c\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u3002 \u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5468\u4e00\u5230\u5468\u4e94\u90fd\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6708\u4efd\u5982\u4f55\u3002 \u73b0\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u4e3a24\u5c0f\u65f6\u5236\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4\u662f9\u70b9\u523017\u70b9\uff08\u4e0b\u53485\u70b9\uff09\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u4ee5\u5f53\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1770\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addtime.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"970\" height=\"636\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addtime.png 970w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addtime-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addtime-768x504.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addtime-458x300.png 458w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e00\u65e6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u7f16\u8f91\u9875\u9762\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1771\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1139\" height=\"113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded.png 1139w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded-1024x102.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded-300x30.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded-768x76.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-timeadded-500x50.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1139px) 100vw, 1139px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u6269\u5927\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u516d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u534a\u5929\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5546\u5e97\u5468\u4e00\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u653e\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5929\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5c06\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e00\u65e6\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u5212\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1772\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule.png 1140w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule-1024x119.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule-300x35.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule-768x89.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-addedschedule-500x58.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span class=\"caption-text\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6240\u9700\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u62d2\u7edd\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684TCP\u901a\u4fe1\u4eceLAN\u5b50\u7f51\u5230HTTP\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u6807\u3002 \u5728\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u201cBusinessHours\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u9009\u62e9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1773\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-firewallschedule.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"617\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-firewallschedule.png 617w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-firewallschedule-300x34.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-firewallschedule-500x57.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 617px) 100vw, 617px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u5217\u6307\u793a\u89c4\u5219\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u963b\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6392\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u67e5\u770b\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u9f20\u6807\u5149\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u5728\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u72b6\u6001\u6307\u793a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u5728BusinessHours\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u67e5\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u201c\u5339\u914d\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u201d\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u4eceLAN\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7aef\u53e380\u4e0a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c06\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1774\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1141\" height=\"87\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule.png 1141w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule-1024x78.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule-300x23.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule-768x59.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-timerules-scheduledrule-500x38.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1141px) 100vw, 1141px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span class=\"caption-text\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u5217\u8868\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u73b0\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u5212\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n<p class=\"last\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u5230\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5c06\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 \u8fd9\u5c06\u5173\u95ed\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5728\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002 \u8981\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u4fdd\u6301\u6253\u5f00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8bf7\u9009\u4e2d\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d&gt;\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d&gt;&#8221;\u9644\u5e26\u7ec4\u4ef6&#8221;\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u5212\u8868\u5230\u671f\u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002 \u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u6700\u4f73\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u504f\u597d\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528GUI\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u90e8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001&gt;\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u50cfpfSense\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5faa\u73af\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0fclog\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8bb0\u5f55\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605<strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>\u7ae0\u8282\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728WebGUI\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u5728WebGUI\u7684\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u201d&gt;\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u201d\u201c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u8fd9\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002 \u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5411\u6216\u53cd\u5411\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u68c0\u67e5\u66f4\u6539\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684WebGUI\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u4e3a6\u4e2a\u5217\uff1aAction\uff0cTime\uff0cInterface\uff0cSource\uff0cDestination\u548cProtocol\u3002<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Action:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"28\">\u663e\u793a\u4ea7\u751f\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08\u4f8b\u5982pass\u6216block\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Time:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"28\">\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Interface:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"28\">\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Source:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"28\">\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Destination:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"28\">\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Protocol:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"384\">\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ICMP\uff0cTCP\uff0cUDP\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1775\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1141\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui.png 1141w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui-1024x177.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui-300x52.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui-768x133.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/firewall-log_webgui-500x86.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1141px) 100vw, 1141px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"caption-text\">\u4eceWebGUI\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\u52a8\u4f5c<\/b>\u56fe\u6807\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6392\u9664\u89c4\u5219\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f29\u5c0f\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u5728\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u201d&gt;\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u201d\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5217\u6216\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u884c\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u65c1\u8fb9\u662f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1776\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-info.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u3002 \u70b9\u51fb\u6b64\u56fe\u6807\u540e\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c06\u5bf9IP\u5730\u5740\u6267\u884cDNS\u67e5\u627e\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5730\u5740\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">TCP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u5c06\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728TCP\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u5fd7\u8868\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c5e\u6027\u3002 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"20\">S \u2013 SYN:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"614\">\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002\u00a0\u63d0\u793a\u4ec5\u8bbe\u7f6eSYN\u65f6\u7684\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"78\">A \u2013 ACK:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"614\">\u63d0\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u7b54\u590d\uff0c\u8ba9\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u636e\u6536\u5230OK\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"20\">F \u2013 FIN:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"614\">\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\" width=\"20\">R \u2013 RST:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\" width=\"614\">\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u6ca1\u6709\u76d1\u542c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u826f\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc7\u6ee4GUI\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1777\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-filter-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u4ece\u65e5\u5fd7\u89c6\u56fe\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u89c4\u5219\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u7b80\u5355\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ece\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u89c6\u56fe\u5feb\u901f\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1779\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-minus-square-o.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u56fe\u6807 \u00a0 \u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4eceEasy Rule\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u963b\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1780\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus-square-o.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u56fe\u6807\u4e0e\u963b\u6b62\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u5339\u914d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728shell\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528easyrule\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b80\u5355\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">easyrule\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4eceshell\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u5f53easyrule\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u7528\u6cd5\u6d88\u606f\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u4f20\u9012\u89c4\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0eGUI\u7248\u672c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0easyrule\u00a0block\u00a0wan\u00a01.2.3.4<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u786e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0easyrule\u00a0pass\u00a0wan\u00a0tcp\u00a01.2.3.4\u00a0192.168.0.4\u00a080<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4ece\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u83dc\u5355\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u987910\u4ecefilter.log\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u4eceWebGUI\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>Aug\u00a0\u00a03\u00a008:59:02\u00a0master\u00a0filterlog:\u00a05,16777216,,1000000103,igb1,match,block,in,4,0x10,,128,0,0,none,17,udp,328,198.51.100.1,198.51.100.2,67,68,308<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u89c4\u5219ID 1000000103\u88ab\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9igb1\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u963b\u6b62\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 \u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u663e\u793a\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u672b\u5c3e\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u662f\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4eceShell\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4eceSSH\u6216\u4ece\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528shell\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770bclog\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u5197\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5faa\u73af\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982cat\uff0cgrep\u7b49\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u65e5\u5fd7\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u963b\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u8d77\u8bfb\u56de\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f20\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0clog\u00a0\/var\/log\/filter.log<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u9650\u5236\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u884c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u7ba1\u9053:<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0\u00a0clog\u00a0\/var\/log\/filter.log\u00a0|\u00a0tail<\/pre>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u201c\u8ddf\u968f\u201d\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-f\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728UNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8etail -f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0clog\u00a0-f\u00a0\/var\/log\/filter.log<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u3002 \u5b83\u5c06\u7b49\u5f85\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5370\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728shell\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528PHP\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u65e5\u5fd7\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceshell\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u751f\u6210\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0clog\u00a0\/var\/log\/filter.log\u00a0|\u00a0filterparser.php<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u6bcf\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>Aug\u00a0\u00a03\u00a008:59:02\u00a0block\u00a0igb1\u00a0UDP\u00a0198.51.100.1:67\u00a0198.51.100.2:68<\/pre>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u627e\u5230\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6761\u76ee\u7684ID\u53f7\u7801\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u627e\u5230\u5f15\u8d77\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3a1000000103\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0pfctl\u00a0-vvsr\u00a0|\u00a0grep\u00a01000000103\r\n@5(1000000103)\u00a0block\u00a0drop\u00a0in\u00a0log\u00a0inet\u00a0all\u00a0label\u00a0\"Default\u00a0deny\u00a0rule\u00a0IPv4\"<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fIPv4\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u5408\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6807\u6709\u201c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u201d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u597d\u50cf\u5b83\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5408\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d89\u53caWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u6216\u8005\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u5916\u6536\u5230ACK\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u7684TCP FIN\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u4f20\u8f93\u5c06\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u662f\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90fd\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u751f\u6210\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5373\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u9632\u706b\u5899\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u5168\u90e8\u5141\u8bb8\u201d\u6837\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6b64\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u5168\u90e8\u5141\u8bb8\u201d\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8TCP SYN\u6570\u636e\u5305\u521b\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684TCP\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u662f\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u4e2d\u73b0\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u6548\u7684TCP\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u5c06\u663e\u793aTCP\uff1aSA\uff08SYN + ACK\uff09\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fFIN\u6216RST\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u4f55\u963b\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1f<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u95ee\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u963b\u6b62\u5bf9\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1f\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u963b\u6b62\u8bbf\u95eeFacebook\uff1f\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528DNS<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u5185\u7f6e\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u6216\u8f6c\u53d1\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u5904\u8f93\u5165\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u65e0\u6548\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982127.0.0.1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f88\u5c11\u66f4\u6539IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u5176IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u522b\u540d\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u522b\u540d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u4f4eTTL\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6563\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Google\u548c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u963b\u6b62\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u5c11\u66f4\u6539IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u522b\u540d\u5185\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u5c06\u88ab\u5b9a\u671f\u89e3\u6790\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6bd4\u624b\u52a8\u67e5\u627eIP\u5730\u5740\u66f4\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7ad9\u70b9\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56deDNS\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6c60\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u7ad9\u70b9\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684IP\u5b50\u7f51\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u963b\u6b62\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f20\u64ad\u5927\u91cfIP\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684Facebook\u7b49\u7f51\u7ad9\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5757\u4e2d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ARIN\u7b49\u533a\u57df\u6ce8\u518c\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728ARIN\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0cFacebook\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/whois.arin.net\/rest\/org\/THEFA-3.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/whois.arin.net\/rest\/org\/THEFA-3.html<\/a>\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u5173\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5982RIPE\uff0cAPNIC\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f5c\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u67e5\u627eIP\u5757\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u6267\u884cwhois\u67e5\u627e\u6765\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u516c\u53f8\u7684BGP\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08AS\uff09\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFacebook\u7684AS\u53f7\u7801\u662fAS32934:<\/p>\n<pre>#\u00a0whois\u00a0-h\u00a0whois.radb.net\u00a0--\u00a0'-i\u00a0origin\u00a0AS32934'\u00a0|\u00a0awk\u00a0'\/^route:\/\u00a0{print\u00a0$2;}'\u00a0|\u00a0sort\u00a0|\u00a0uniq<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5c06\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u522b\u540d\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u5f53\u524d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 \u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">pfBlocker\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982DNSBL\uff0c\u5730\u7406IP\u5730\u5740\u963b\u6b62\u4ee5\u53caAS\u67e5\u627e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSquid\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aSquidGuard\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7URL\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u963b\u6b62\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u6b62\u7ed5\u884c\u9650\u5236<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5757\u3002 \u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002 \u67e5\u627e\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u72ec\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u540d\u5355\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 \u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7c7b\u522b\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7406\u6216\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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justify;\">\u672c\u8282\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u89e3\u51b3\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6392\u9664\u53ef\u7591\u963b\u6b62\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001&gt;\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u201c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5361\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cpfSense\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4efb\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u9664\u975e\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6240\u6709\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002 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justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u8868\u793a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5207\u65ad\u3002 \u8981\u4ece\u65b0\u7684\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u5373\u65f6\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67e5\u770b\u89c4\u5219\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f16\u8f91\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002 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justify;\">\u786e\u4fdd\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u6309\u9884\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002 \u4ece\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7LAN\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u63a5\u53e3\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u542f\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002 \u89c4\u5219\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4e2d\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u7528\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u884c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6355\u83b7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u6d41\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5224\u65ad\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u5230\u8fbe\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u79bb\u5f00\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u9002\u7528<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5207\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001&gt;\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u70b9\u51fb\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u7684<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1726\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-refresh.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/><strong>\u91cd\u7f6e\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong>\u6309\u94ae\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u539f\u56e0\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf7\u91cd\u65b0\u68c0\u67e5\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0cNAT\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u9677\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219 \u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899&gt;\u89c4\u5219\u7b56\u7565\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=173\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span 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