{"id":169,"date":"2018-07-29T08:40:40","date_gmt":"2018-07-29T00:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pfsense.freeddns.org\/wp\/?p=169"},"modified":"2020-08-24T22:14:02","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T14:14:02","slug":"pfsense-book%e4%b9%8b%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=169","title":{"rendered":"pfSense book\u4e4b\u8def\u7531"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8def\u7531<\/h1>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4<\/li>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u516c\u5171IP<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4ee5\u53ca\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5173\u952e; \u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u719f\u6089\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u8fbe\u3002 \u7f51\u5173\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5230\u8fbe\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u666e\u901a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.22.5\/24\uff0c\u5219\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e192.168.22.x\u4e4b\u5185\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u662f\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5982\u57fa\u4e8ePPP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u7f51\u5173IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u5217\uff08IPv4\u548cIPv6\uff09<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u65f6\uff0cIPv4\u548cIPv6\u5730\u5740\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u540c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cIPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528IPv6\u7f51\u5173\/\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u3002 \u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528IPv4\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740\u7684IPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u7531\u3002 \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9650\u5236; \u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u5173<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u5173\u5c06\u7528\u4e8eWAN\u7c7b\u578b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u7f51\u5173\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4e0b\u62c9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u52a8\u6001\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982DHCP\u548cPPPoE\uff09\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u7f51\u5173\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u5173\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0&gt;\u00a0\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u7f51\u5173\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u6216\u5e95\u90e8\u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u65c1\u8fb9\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1668\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-pencil.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u7f16\u8f91\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u6761\u76ee\u65c1\u8fb9<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1678\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-trash.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u5220\u9664\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1697\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-ban.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u7981\u7528\u6d3b\u52a8\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1699\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-check-square-o.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u542f\u7528\u88ab\u7981\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u5173<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u7f16\u8f91\u7f51\u5173\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7f51\u5173\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u552f\u4e00\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7f51\u5173\uff08IP\u5730\u5740\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u662fLAN\u5b50\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u9009\u62e9LAN\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u5217<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">IPv4\u6216IPv6\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6b64\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u540d\u79f0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002 \u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u683c\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1aWANGW\uff0cGW_WAN\u548cWANGATE\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u662fWAN GW\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5728\u9009\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9009\u4e2d\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u7f51\u5173\u5c06\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8def\u7531\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aIPv4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u548c\u4e00\u4e2aIPv6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7981\u7528\u7f51\u5173\u76d1\u89c6<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u79d2\u4f1aping\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u5230\u8fbe\u88ab\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u8be5\u6570\u636e\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u5173\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u51fa\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u76d1\u89c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u4e2d\u7981\u7528\u7f51\u5173\u76d1\u89c6\u6765\u7981\u7528\u5b83\u3002 \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u5173\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5219\u591aWAN\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76d1\u89c6IP<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u914d\u7f6e\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u7f51\u5173\u72b6\u6001\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06ping\u7f51\u5173IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u5173IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u672c\u5730\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u662fping\u66f4\u8fdc\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684ISP DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u5f53ISP\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0a\u6e38\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0aping\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u94fe\u8def\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5305\u62ecGoogle\u516c\u5171DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5982Google\u6216Yahoo\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u6846\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u672a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u671f\u7f51\u5173\u8bbf\u95ee\u76d1\u63a7IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76d1\u63a7IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001&gt;\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u4eea\u8868\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u5c0f\u90e8\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u5173\u663e\u793aOnline\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u793a\u5668IP\u5730\u5740\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56deping\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f3a\u5236\u72b6\u6001<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f53\u9009\u4e2d\u201c\u6807\u8bb0\u7f51\u5173\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ece\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56deping\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u4e5f\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\u3002 \u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8eWAN\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e76\u4e14\u7f51\u5173\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002 \u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u8fdb\u5165\u505c\u673a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7559\u7a7a\u4e0d\u586b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u591aWAN\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u76d1\u89c6\u6216\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u3002 \u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8bf7\u5355\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1700\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-cog.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/><strong>\u663e\u793a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u6309\u94ae\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c55\u5f00\u3002 \u6709\u5173\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2aWAN\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u591a\u4e2aWAN\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6bd4\u91cd<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u591aWAN\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2aWAN\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u91cd\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u8c03\u6574WAN\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679cWAN1\u67095Mbit \/ s\uff0cWAN2\u670910Mbit \/ s\uff0c\u5219WAN1\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a1\uff0cWAN2\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a2.\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u51fa\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528WAN\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528WAN2\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u7528\u5e26\u5bbd\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4ece1\u523030\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6570\u636e\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cdpinger\u5b88\u62a4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a0\u7684ping\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbfICMP\u56de\u663e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cCPE\uff0cISP\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u8df3\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5f03\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u6ca1\u6709\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u7684ICMP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5927\u5c0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5927\u4e8e0\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9608\u503c<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u63a7\u5236\u6b64\u7f51\u5173\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u91cf\u3002\u8be5\u503c\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\uff08ms\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3002 \u201cFrom\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5c06\u7f51\u5173\u89c6\u4e3a\u8b66\u544a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0b\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8d85\u8fc7\u201cTo\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684ISP\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u800c\u5f02\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\u4ece300\u5230500\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9bDSL\u7ebf\u8def\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06To\u53c2\u6570\u589e\u52a0\u5230700\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u7f51\u5173\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2aGIF\u96a7\u9053\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982he.net for IPv6\u3002\u7531\u4e8eGIF\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u96a7\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u9ad8\u8fbe900\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ICMP ping\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u96a7\u9053\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e22\u5305\u9600\u503c<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9608\u503c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\u9608\u503c\u63a7\u5236\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u8be5\u503c\u4ee5\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8868\u793a\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u635f\uff0c100\u8868\u793a\u5168\u635f\u3002 \u201cFrom\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5c06\u7f51\u5173\u89c6\u4e3a\u8b66\u544a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0b\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u201cTo\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u76d1\u89c6\u5668IP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684ISP\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u800c\u5f02\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\u4ece10\u523020\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ecd\u4ee5\u53ef\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u5ef6\u8fdfICMP\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u663e\u793a45\uff05\u7684\u635f\u5931\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684WAN\u7f51\u5173\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u4e22\u5931\u8b66\u62a5\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728From\u548cTo\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u826f\u597d\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a2\u6d4b\u95f4\u9694<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u63a7\u5236\u5411\u76d1\u89c6IP\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001ping\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff08\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002 \u7f3a\u7701\u503c\u662f\u6bcf\u79d2\u949fping\u4e24\u6b21\uff08500\u6beb\u79d2\uff09\u3002 \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5c0f\u7684ping\u4e5f\u4f1a\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u3002 \u53ea\u8981\u8be5\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u8b66\u62a5\u95f4\u9694\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u3002 \u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730ping\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u4ee5\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u5e76\u4e14\u6d88\u8017\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e22\u5305\u95f4\u9694<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e22\u5931\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f2000\u6beb\u79d2\uff082\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9608\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u77e5\u7ebf\u8def\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u8be5\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5e73\u5747\u7ed3\u679c\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cf\uff08\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f60000\uff0860\u79d2\uff0c\u4e00\u5206\u949f\uff09\u3002 \u8f83\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5468\u671f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u4e22\u5931\u4ee5\u89e6\u53d1\u8b66\u62a5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6613\u53d7Ping\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e\u63a2\u6d4b\u95f4\u9694\u548c\u635f\u8017\u95f4\u9694\u603b\u548c\u7684\u4e24\u500d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a2\u6d4b\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8b66\u62a5\u95f4\u9694<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u68c0\u67e5\u8b66\u62a5\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff08\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f1000\uff081\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u63a2\u6d4b\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u5173<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u9009\u9879\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u5173\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u5173IP\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u63a5\u53e3\u5b50\u7f51\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11IPV4\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\uff0c\u4e0d\u628a\u7f51\u5173\u653e\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u5b50\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u63aa\u65bd\u3002 \u9664\u975e\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u6216\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u3002\u7f51\u5173\u7ec4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728GUI\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u7528\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982OpenVPN\uff0cIPsec\u548c\u52a8\u6001DNS\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u591a\u4e2aWAN\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u8fc7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u8fbe\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u3002 pfSense\u77e5\u9053\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u6307\u793a\u5230\u8fbe\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 \u5728\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u90e8\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6761\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf&gt;\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u7531:<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5bfc\u822a\u5230<strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0&gt;\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u00a0<\/strong>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u586b\u5199\u5982\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e:<strong>\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>:\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f51\u5173<\/strong>:\u00a0\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7981\u7528<\/strong>:\u00a0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/strong>:\u00a0\u8f93\u5165\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u6587\u5b57\u4f9b\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53c2\u8003<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u4fdd\u5b58\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u7684\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"simple list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230<strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0&gt;\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u00a0<\/strong>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u53f3\u4fa7\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1668\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-pencil.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u53f3\u4fa7\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1678\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-trash.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u53f3\u4fa7\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1697\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-ban.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u7981\u7528\u8be5\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u53f3\u4fa7\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1699\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-check-square-o.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u542f\u7528\u8be5\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4e0b\u56fe\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1702\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-static-route-example.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"572\" height=\"67\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-static-route-example.png 572w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-static-route-example-300x35.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-static-route-example-500x59.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u56fe\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u7684192.168.2.0\/24\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230pfSense\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5230\u8fbe\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 \u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1703\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-edit-static-route-example.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"718\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-edit-static-route-example.png 718w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-edit-static-route-example-300x127.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-edit-static-route-example-500x212.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 718px) 100vw, 718px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8c03\u6574\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49LAN\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7LAN\u4e0a\u7684\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7ed5\u8fc7\u76f8\u540c\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u5c06\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u5730\u7ed3\u675f\u3002 \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d41\u91cf\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5c06\u6cbf\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1701\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-asymetric-routing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"521\" height=\"174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-asymetric-routing.png 521w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-asymetric-routing-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/diagrams-asymetric-routing-500x167.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 521px) 100vw, 521px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"caption\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"caption-text\">\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4ecePC1\u5230PC2\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u7ecf\u8fc7pfSense\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662fPC1\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5230PC1\u3002 \u7531\u4e8epfSense\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u770b\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5f71\u54cdTCP\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u63e1\u624b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u8def\u7531\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u5408\u6cd5\u6d41\u91cf\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002 \u8be5\u9009\u9879\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5bbd\u677e\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u9879\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u5904\u7406\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"simple list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0&gt;\u00a0\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u00a0<strong>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><strong>\/NAT<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u4e2d<strong>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002 \u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u201c\u6d6e\u52a8\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5bfc\u822a\u5230<strong>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u00a0&gt;\u00a0\u89c4\u5219\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5361 (\u5982\u00a0<strong>LAN<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1693\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-level-up.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u5728\u5217\u8868\u9876\u90e8<strong>\u6dfb\u52a0<\/strong>\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e:<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u534f\u8bae:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>TCP<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u6e90\u5730\u5740:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u5229\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5730\u5740 (\u5982\u00a0<em>LAN Net<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u8def\u7531\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">TCP\u00a0\u6807\u8bc6:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a<strong>\u4efb\u610f\u6807\u8bc6<\/strong>\u00a0(\u5728<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u4e0b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u72b6\u6001\u7c7b\u578b:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>\u9009Sloppy\u00a0\u72b6\u6001<\/em>(\u5728<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u4e0b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb\u00a0<strong>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u6d6e\u52a8<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1693\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-level-up.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u5728\u5217\u8868\u9876\u90e8<strong>\u6dfb\u52a0<\/strong>\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e:<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u63a5\u53e3:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u00a0(\u5982\u00a0<strong>LAN<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u65b9\u5411:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>Out<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u534f\u8bae:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>TCP<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u6e90\u5730\u5740:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u5229\u7528\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5730\u5740\u00a0(\u5982\u00a0<em>LAN Net<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u8def\u7531\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">TCP\u00a0\u6807\u8bc6:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a<strong>\u4efb\u610f\u6807\u8bc6<\/strong>\u00a0(\u5728<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u4e0b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">\u72b6\u6001\u7c7b\u578b:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>\u9009Sloppy\u00a0\u72b6\u6001<\/em>(\u5728<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u4e0b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf\u5728TCP\u6807\u5fd7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u201cTCP\uff1aSA\u201d\u6216\u201cTCP\uff1aPA\u201d\uff09\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u6216\u590d\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u8be5\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u5b50\u7f51\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0d\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8def\u7531\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u672c\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\u5c06\u516c\u6709IP\u5b50\u7f51\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">IP\u00a0\u5206\u914d<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">ISP\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u5171IP\u5b50\u7f51\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684WAN\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662fWAN\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\/ 30\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u5206\u914d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u3002 WAN\u548c\u5185\u90e8IP\u5206\u914d\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils\">\n<caption><span class=\"caption-text\">WAN IP\u00a0\u8303\u56f4<\/span><\/caption>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"28%\" \/>\n<col width=\"72%\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\n<tr class=\"row-odd firstRow\">\n<th class=\"head\" colspan=\"2\">198.51.100.64\/30<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>IP\u00a0\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0\u5206\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>198.51.100.65<\/td>\n<td>ISP\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff08pfSense\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>198.51.100.66<\/td>\n<td>pfSense WAN\u63a5\u53e3IP\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"docutils\">\n<caption><span class=\"caption-text\">\u5185\u90e8IP\u00a0\u8303\u56f4<\/span><\/caption>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"36%\" \/>\n<col width=\"64%\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\n<tr class=\"row-odd firstRow\">\n<th class=\"head\" colspan=\"2\">192.0.2.128\/29<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>IP\u00a0\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0\u5206\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>192.0.2.129<\/td>\n<td>pfSense OPT1\u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>192.0.2.130<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\u00a0\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>192.0.2.131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>192.0.2.132<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>192.0.2.133<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>192.0.2.134<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u63a5\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9996\u5148\u914d\u7f6eWAN\u548cOPT\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0cLAN\u63a5\u53e3\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cLAN\u662f\u4e13\u7528IP\u5b50\u7f51\uff0cOPT1\u662f\u516c\u7528IP\u5b50\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">WAN\u63a5\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1710\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-ip-config.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"732\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-ip-config.png 732w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-ip-config-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-ip-config-500x94.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">OPT1\u63a5\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u73b0\u5728\u542f\u7528OPT1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u914d\u7f6eIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1705\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-config.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"708\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-config.png 708w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-config-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-config-500x138.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 708px) 100vw, 708px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1706\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-ip-config.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"732\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-ip-config.png 732w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-ip-config-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt-ip-config-500x97.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u914d\u7f6eNAT<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5185\u90e8\u901a\u4fe1\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aWAN IP\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li class=\"first\">\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u00a0<strong>Firewall &gt; NAT<\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fbOutbound\uff08\u51fa\u7ad9\uff09\u9009\u9879\u5361<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9Hybrid Outbound NAT rule generation\uff08\u9009\u62e9\u6df7\u5408\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6210\uff09<\/li>\n<li class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>Save<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5355\u51fb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1693\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-level-up.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/> \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c06\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u9876\u90e8\uff1a<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils field-list\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"field-name\" \/>\n<col class=\"field-body\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"field-odd field firstRow\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Do not NAT:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837NAT\u5c06\u88ab\u7981\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Interface:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>WAN<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Protocol:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>Any<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-even field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Source:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\">\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u672c\u5730\u516c\u7f51IP\u5b50\u7f51,\u00a0192.0.2.128\/29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"field-odd field\">\n<th class=\"field-name\">Destination:<\/th>\n<td class=\"field-body\"><em>Any<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first\">\u5355\u51fb<strong>Save<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u53e3\u79bb\u5f00WAN\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aWAN IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u6765\u81eaOPT1\u7f51\u7edc192.0.2.128\/29\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u9664\u5728NAT\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 \u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbe\u7f6eDisable Outbound NAT\uff08\u7981\u7528\u51fa\u7ad9NAT\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Hybrid mode\uff08\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1707\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1138\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1.png 1138w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1-1024x458.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-outbound-nat-1-500x224.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1138px) 100vw, 1138px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">NAT\u548cIP\u5730\u5740\u914d\u7f6e\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u3002 \u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u51fa\u7ad9\u548c\u5165\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u00a0\u4e0b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3cDMZ\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u53bb\u5f80LAN\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8DNS\u548cping\u5230OPT1\u63a5\u53e3IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u51fa\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1704\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1142\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules.png 1142w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules-1024x308.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules-300x90.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules-768x231.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-opt1-example-rules-500x151.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1142px) 100vw, 1142px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81eaInternet\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u8fbe\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u5728WAN\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u56feWAN\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u5230192.0.2.130\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1709\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1147\" height=\"45\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule.png 1147w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule-1024x40.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule-300x12.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule-768x30.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routing-wan-example-rule-500x20.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1147px) 100vw, 1147px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709NAT\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u5c06\u4eceLAN\u6d41\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u5b50\u7f51\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bf7\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u8c03\u6574LAN\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548cNAT\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u4eceLAN\u5230\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">pfSense\u76ee\u524d\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u79cd\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>RIP (\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u534f\u8bae)<\/li>\n<li>BGP (\u8fb9\u754c\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae)<\/li>\n<li>OSPF (\u5f00\u653e\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u4f18\u5148)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u672c\u8282\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5148\u51b3\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">RIP<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">RIP\u662f\u8def\u7531\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf&gt;\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb\u53ef\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u5230<strong>routed<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5<strong>routed<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1711\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-check.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n<li>\u7b49\u5f85\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1&gt; RIP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u914d\u7f6eRIP:<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u9009\u4e2d\u00a0Enable RIP\u6846<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u4fa6\u542c\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u7684Interfaces\u00a0RIP<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9RIP version<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679cRIPv2\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165RIPv2 password\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u00a0Save<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">RIP\u5c06\u7acb\u5373\u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">BGP<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u4f7f\u7528OpenBSD\u7684OpenBGPD\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf&gt;\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb\u53ef\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u5230OpenBGPD<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5OpenBGPD<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1711\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-check.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n<li>\u7b49\u5f85\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1&gt; OpenBGPD<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">BGP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u91ce\u517d\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e86\u89e3BGP\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728pfSense\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6eOpenBGPD\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eO&#8217;Reilly\u7684BGP\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u63a8\u8350\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u60f3\u8981\u90e8\u7f72BGP\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">OpenBGPD\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u914d\u7f6e\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0bAS\u5728<strong>Group<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ec4<\/li>\n<li>\u5728<strong>Neighbors<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u90bb\u5c45\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458<\/li>\n<li>\u5728<strong>Settings<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u5361\u4e0a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u672c\u5730AS\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u544a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">OSPF<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728pfsense\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Quagga\u8def\u7531\u5b88\u62a4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684OSPF\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf&gt;\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb\u53ef\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u5230Quagga_OSPF<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u51fb\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1666\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-plus.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u00a0Quagga_OSPF<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1711\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/fa-check.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" \/>\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n<li>\u7b49\u5f85\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1&gt;<strong>Quagga OSPF<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">OSPF\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u50cfBGP\u90a3\u6837\u590d\u6742\u3002 \u914d\u7f6eOSPFD\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u4e5f\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86OSPF\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728GUI\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Quagga OSPF\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u914d\u7f6e\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u53e3\u5b50\u7f51\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6erouter ID, area ID\u7b49\u5e38\u89c4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u8bca\u65ad\u901a\u4fe1\u6d41\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u68c0\u67e5pfSense\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7WebGUI\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8981\u5728WebGUI\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8bf7\u5bfc\u822a\u81f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bca\u65ad&gt;\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1712\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1139\" height=\"294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes.png 1139w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes-1024x264.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes-768x198.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/routes-500x129.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1139px) 100vw, 1139px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0eWebGUI\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># netstat -rWn<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Routing<\/span> <span class=\"n\">tables<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">Internet<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Destination<\/span>        <span class=\"n\">Gateway<\/span>            <span class=\"n\">Flags<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">Use<\/span>    <span class=\"n\">Mtu<\/span>      <span class=\"n\">Netif<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Expire<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">default<\/span>            <span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.1<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">UGS<\/span>        <span class=\"mi\">1822<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">1500<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">igb1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.2<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>        <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#2             U             0   1500       igb0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.2<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.1<\/span>           <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#2             UHS           0  16384        lo0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">127.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.1<\/span>          <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#11            UH          204  16384        lo0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>    <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#3             U          1181   1500       igb1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.1<\/span>       <span class=\"mi\">00<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">08<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a2<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">09<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">95<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">b6<\/span>  <span class=\"n\">UHS<\/span>        <span class=\"mi\">2789<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">1500<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">igb1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.2<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#3             UHS           0  16384        lo0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5217\u8868\u793a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u8282\u540e\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Destination\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be5\u5217\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u663e\u793a\u4e3adefault\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u6309IP\u5730\u5740\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5217\u51faIP\u5730\u5740\u548cCIDR\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gateway\uff08\u7f51\u5173\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6b64\u5217\u663e\u793a\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u5982link\uff031\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u8def\u7531\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aMAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5728ARP\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u5305\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u90a3\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Flags\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\uff09<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u5fd7\u90fd\u5728FreeBSD\u7684netstat\uff081\uff09\u624b\u518c\u9875\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<table class=\"docutils\">\n<caption><span class=\"caption-text\">\u8def\u7531\u8868\u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u542b\u4e49<\/span><\/caption>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"9%\" \/>\n<col width=\"19%\" \/>\n<col width=\"72%\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\n<tr class=\"row-odd firstRow\">\n<th class=\"head\">\u4ee3\u8868\u5b57\u7b26<\/th>\n<th class=\"head\">\u00a0\u6807\u5fd7<\/th>\n<th class=\"head\">\u00a0\u542b\u4e49<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>RTF_PROTO1<\/td>\n<td>\u534f\u8bae\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u6807\u5fd7 #1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>RTF_PROTO2<\/td>\n<td>\u534f\u8bae\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u6807\u5fd7 #2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>RTF_PROTO3<\/td>\n<td>\u534f\u8bae\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u6807\u5fd7 #3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>B<\/td>\n<td>RTF_BLACKHOLE<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u671f\u95f4\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>b<\/td>\n<td>RTF_BROADCAST<\/td>\n<td>\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>D<\/td>\n<td>RTF_DYNAMIC<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>G<\/td>\n<td>RTF_GATEWAY<\/td>\n<td>\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8f6c\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>H<\/td>\n<td>RTF_HOST<\/td>\n<td>\u4e3b\u673a\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5426\u5219\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>L<\/td>\n<td>RTF_LLINFO<\/td>\n<td>\u94fe\u63a5\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6709\u6548\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>M<\/td>\n<td>RTF_MODIFIED<\/td>\n<td>\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>R<\/td>\n<td>RTF_REJECT<\/td>\n<td>\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>S<\/td>\n<td>RTF_STATIC<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-even\">\n<td>U<\/td>\n<td>RTF_UP<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0\u53ef\u7528\u8def\u7531<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-odd\">\n<td>X<\/td>\n<td>RTF_XRESOLVE<\/td>\n<td>\u5916\u90e8\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u94fe\u63a5\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aUGS\u7684\u8def\u7531\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Refs<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6b64\u5217\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Use<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u8def\u7531\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u603b\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u662f\u5426\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5229\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5b83\u5c06\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Netif<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Expire<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u76f4\u5230\u6b64\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Traceroute\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8def\u7531\u548c\u591aWAN\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ece\u4e00\u7aef\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u201c\u8df3\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5230\u8fbe\u8be5\u4e2d\u95f4\u70b9\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728pfSense\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bca\u65ad&gt;\u00a0\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8def\u7531\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528traceroute\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8def\u7531\u3002\u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\u4e3atracert\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff08TTL\uff09\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06TTL\u9012\u51cf1\u3002\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6536\u5230TTL\u4e3a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u662f\u672c\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deICMP\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u201c\u8d85\u51fa\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u5e76\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u8def\u7531\u73af\u8def\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Traceroute\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aTTL\u6765\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001TTL\u4e3a1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff09\u5c06\u53d1\u56deICMP\u8d85\u65f6\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u548c\u63a5\u6536ICMP\u9519\u8bef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u9519\u8bef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u53ca\u5176\u53cd\u5411DNS\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u4e09\u4e2aTTL\u4e3a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06TTL\u589e\u52a0\u52302\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8df3\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 Traceroute\u9012\u589eTTL\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u6216\u8d85\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u8df3\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Traceroute\u5728Windows\u548c\u7c7bUnix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08BSD\uff0cLinux\uff0cMac OS X\uff0cUnix\u7b49\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7a0d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 Windows\u4f7f\u7528ICMP\u56de\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08ping\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7c7bUnix\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 ICMP\u548cUDP\u662f\u7b2c4\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14traceroute\u5728\u7b2c3\u5c42\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9664\u4e86\u8003\u8651\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u6765\u81eaWindows\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684Traceroute\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u54ea\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8ICMP\u56de\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u7c7bUnix\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u4e0e\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684UDP\u7aef\u53e3\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528traceroute\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5230www.google.com\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># traceroute www.google.com<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">traceroute<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span> <span class=\"ne\">Warning<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span> <span class=\"n\">www<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">google<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">com<\/span> <span class=\"n\">has<\/span> <span class=\"n\">multiple<\/span> <span class=\"n\">addresses<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"n\">using<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">74.125<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">95.99<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">traceroute<\/span> <span class=\"n\">to<\/span> <span class=\"n\">www<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">l<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">google<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">com<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">74.125<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">95.99<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">64<\/span> <span class=\"n\">hops<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">max<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">40<\/span> <span class=\"n\">byte<\/span> <span class=\"n\">packets<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>  <span class=\"n\">core<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">172.17<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">23.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">1.450<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">1.901<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">2.213<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">172.17<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">25.21<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">172.17<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">25.21<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">4.852<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">3.698<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">3.120<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span>  <span class=\"n\">bb1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">g4<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">2.<\/span><span class=\"n\">ipltin<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">ameritech<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">net<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">151.164<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">42.156<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">3.275<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">3.210<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">3.215<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">151.164<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">93.49<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">151.164<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">93.49<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.791<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.593<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.891<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">74.125<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">48.117<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">74.125<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">48.117<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.460<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">39.941<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.551<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">254.120<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">254.120<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">10.376<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.904<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.765<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.22<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.22<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">19.479<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">20.058<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">19.550<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">8<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.29<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.29<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">20.547<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">19.761<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.27<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">241.27<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">20.131<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"mi\">9<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">240.49<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">209.85<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">240.49<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">30.184<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"mf\">72.14<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">239.189<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">72.14<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">239.189<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">21.337<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">21.756<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mi\">10<\/span>  <span class=\"n\">iw<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"ow\">in<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">f99<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">google<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">com<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">74.125<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">95.99<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">19.793<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">19.665<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">20.603<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ms<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u898110\u8df3\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"first admonition-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5728\u5229\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\uff08\u5982\u591aWAN\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728traceroute\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e3a1\u201c\u8df3\u201d\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0cpf\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11TTL\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64traceroute\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8def\u7531\u548cVPN<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684VPN\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u8fdc\u7aef\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u3002 IPsec\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528IPsec\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08SPD\uff09\u6761\u76ee\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u90e8\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7IPsec\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 OpenVPN\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7OpenVPN\u96a7\u9053\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><span class=\"c1\">#netstat -rWn<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Routing<\/span> <span class=\"n\">tables<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">Internet<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Destination<\/span>        <span class=\"n\">Gateway<\/span>            <span class=\"n\">Flags<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">Use<\/span>    <span class=\"n\">Mtu<\/span>      <span class=\"n\">Netif<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Expire<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">default<\/span>            <span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.1<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">UGS<\/span>       <span class=\"mi\">92421<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">1500<\/span>        <span class=\"n\">em0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">16<\/span>        <span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">203.1<\/span>         <span class=\"n\">UGS<\/span>           <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">1500<\/span>     <span class=\"n\">ovpnc2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">203.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>      <span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">203.2<\/span>         <span class=\"n\">UGS<\/span>           <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">1500<\/span>     <span class=\"n\">ovpnc2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">203.1<\/span>         <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#9             UH            0   1500     ovpnc2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">203.2<\/span>         <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#9             UHS           0  16384        lo0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.7<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>        <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#2             U       1260771   1500        em1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">10.7<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.1<\/span>           <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#2             UHS           0  16384        lo0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">127.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.1<\/span>          <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#7             UH          866  16384        lo0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.0<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">24<\/span>    <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#1             U       1251477   1500        em0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"mf\">198.51<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"mf\">100.7<\/span>       <span class=\"n\">link<\/span><span class=\"c1\">#1             UHS           0  16384        lo0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">OpenVPN\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3a10.6.203.2\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u4e3a10.6.203.1\uff0c\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3aovpnc2\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528OpenVPN\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u662f10.6.0.0\/16\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5bf9\u4e8eIPsec\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eIPsec\u96a7\u9053\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8def\u7531\u4e0d\u5982OpenVPN\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\u7528\u3002 \u5f53\u901a\u8fc7IPsec\u5c06\u8def\u7531\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4f5c\u4e3aIPsec\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8def\u7531 \u7f51\u5173 \u7f51\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e \u7f51\u5173\u7ec4 \u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531 \u8def\u7531\u516c\u5171IP \u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae \u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5 \u9632\u706b\u5899 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/?p=169\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[227],"class_list":["post-169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pfsense","tag-227"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=169"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.pfchina.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}